An online school ( cyberspace or e-school or maya-sekolah ) teaches students fully or primarily online or Through the internet. An online school can imitate the many benefits provided by physical schools (learning materials, online exercises, fast-paced courses, online direct classes, tests, web forums, etc.) but deliver it over the internet. Physical interaction by students and teachers is not required, or just additional. Online schools also allow individuals to earn transferable credits or to take a recognized exam, to advance to the next level of education.
By 2015, 526 virtual schools in the United States enrolled 278,511 students.
Virtual schools have been under trouble for poor performance. "Between 2011 and 2014, 100 percent of children enrolled in virtual schools in the Philadelphia area who took state performance tests failed."
Video Virtual school
Instructional model
The instructional model varies, ranging from the type of distance learning that provides self-learning materials for self-learning (asynchronous), to live, interactive classes where students or students work with a teacher in classroom lessons (synchronous). Class sizes range from a small group of 6 students or students, to hundreds of Live lessons with personal interaction (synchronous learning) should run on small groups of 6 - 30, while distance learning (asynchronous learning) can be any number, and may be very large.
It is often assumed that there is a lack of social communication in online schools, therefore for younger students (pupils) to be attentive due to lack of social skills training. The distance learning model in which the study packages are delivered, is according to this assumption, because the only human interaction is the marking of a job by a teacher, and even that many may not be part of the service. But in online school lessons (synchronous learning) live, interactive, socially constructed. Students or students are interconnected with each other and with teachers through software provided by online schools, and via email, both in their lessons and beyond. Students can also communicate by phone, if allowed. Through various types of social relationships, personal relationships develop. Some online schools specifically deal with personal support and welfare, especially in terms of younger students (students) for social skills training, both in themselves and to support effective and regular lessons.
Maps Virtual school
History
The mid-1990s saw the emergence of a virtual school entirely. Many virtual schools today are descendants of correspondence schools. Previous online schools start in Australia, New Zealand, North America and the UK, generally in areas where low-density residents attend school in conventional ways is difficult and expensive to provide. In 2008, an assessment found a high drop out rate. As in other computer environments, once the glamor of the new method disappears, it becomes clear that human skills are essential to success, in this case teaching skills and well-being. Where this recognized retention is good, that is, in a synchronized and socially structured model; in a large MOOC style course the same isolation problems as learning correspondence is found.
Sometimes referred to as "distance learning", correspondence schools offer students alternatives to traditional brick and mortar encounters within the school building. These schools use postal services for student-teacher interaction, or use two-way radio transmissions, sometimes with pre-recorded television broadcasts. Students are expected to study their learning materials independently and, in some cases, meet with the supervisor to be tested.
Virtual schools now exist all over the world. Over the last decade, online K-12 instruction has increased dramatically in Canada and the United States. Some of these virtual schools have been integrated into public schools (especially in the United States), where students sit in computer labs and do their online work. Students can also fully attend school at home, or they can take a combination of public/private/homeschooling and online classes.
Pricing and location
Where online methods are integrated with the Country's provisions, the costs follow the public school standards. Otherwise, costs must be met by students, or parents. Many US school districts are now creating their own online services to avoid paying external providers. Such students can graduate from their home areas without ever leaving home. In most of these cases, students are given computers, books, and even internet services to complete the course from home.
With internet resources as libraries, and the ease of making online learning materials, there is usually a relatively small requirement for textbooks. Most courses will provide free electronic material fees, or are included in the course fee. Textbooks are most often required for the exam syllabus course.
Advantages and disadvantages
Online school advocates and online learning show a number of advantages:
- There is the lack of expensive and exhausting travel involved ; with a much larger dependence of lessons. Weather interfere with transport is almost irrelevant (though areas that are frequently subjected to power outages will be impaired as a result - Similarly general health disorder through minor illness or injury, will not stop learning, because the physical demands are very much less. Lesson transcripts can connect short absences.
- Many students and students who have personal or health conditions that make physical schools difficult or impossible, can run an online school.
- Bullying control is easier, since access to groups can be adjusted as soon as issues are raised eg. an intruder can be 'clogged' placed in the observer, without the ability to enter actively. They can also be closed immediately investigated. Automatic recording of all exchanges is a strong investigative aid; although this has privacy implications, it is also a guarantee.
- Individuals and families who need flexible settings as they move about , find online school setting requirements. However, synchronous learning in direct lessons is not limiting because of time zones, which tend to divide online schools in Europe and Asia from North America.
- The integration of internet resources provides a huge content library , and students/students are rapidly becoming proficient in online research. Independent-minded students, those with special skills and ambitions, can develop themselves at the speed they like using clean resources.
- There is greater flexibility for independent learners or gifted students to explore learning beyond the standard curriculum.
- An online school can be equalizer, because age, appearance, and background are much less clear. Groups can be categorized based on personal capabilities.
- Students and students benefit from exposure to others in different cultures of the world, enriching an understanding of history, geography, religion and politics, and developing social skills.
- Part-time students with work or family commitments , benefit from the flexibility of online schedules, though this may not be so much applied to synchronous, direct, online learning.
For the latest research, see "Use of Technology in Teaching and Learning". When hired, see US News article "Online Education offers Access and Affordability".
Unlike traditional methods of delivery, students in cyber schools do not always interact directly with professors, while at other times it is just as often as in traditional brick and mortar schools and takes only a different form. Therefore, virtual education is considered by many to be equivalent to a directed learning program. Because students do not interact with their instructors or colleagues face-to-face, critics often call "lack of socialization" as a disadvantage of virtual learning. Some virtual schools include online learning groups where students interact with each other online. Students can meet in these groups using Elluminate, Wimba or other means. The latest anecdotal evidence provided by a virtual school from a single virtual school suggests that, while socialization may be different, it is not always lacking. It is also recommended that students enrolled in cyber schools engage in social activities outside of school, such as home-studying children. Another disadvantage felt for distance learning is the additional challenge of staying focused while in the home environment, and many students report that staying on task is the hardest aspect of online learning.
Many students are interested in online learning for various reasons; in particular, the ability to avoid traveling requirements to physical locations, which may not be possible for some non-traditional learners. Critics argue that for online education to be taken seriously, online programs must adhere to generally accepted education standards. One way that virtual schools use to prove their effectiveness is the adoption of the same standard tests that brick and mortar schools require from their students. To overcome this critique, the International Association for Online Learning K-12 (iNACOL) developed a series of standards released in September 2007 and updated on October 12, 2011. Some believe that this is an important first step in monitoring online programs, but while every provider education should be accredited, the quality of accreditation varies significantly. For example, the nonprofit AACSB is the most prestigious accrediting institution for business schools and no virtual schools receive accreditation by the agency.
With regard to the school itself, they also see the advantages to offering virtual schools. When small or rural schools do not have available teaching staff or the ability to teach courses they can not teach, virtual schools open up this opportunity.
Losses for virtual schools include start up costs, access differences due to digital divide, as well as issues regarding accreditation. Not everyone has access to digital technology that will allow them to attend a virtual school, although in some cases, local libraries or community programs can offer access to computers and research materials. Also, in terms of losses, due to the fact that virtual schools are still relatively new, there are rarely any methods of evaluating their effectiveness.
See also
- Educational technology
- List of virtual schools
- School website
- Virtual Campus
- Virtual learning environment
- Virtual school library
- The virtual university
- People's University
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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