Kindergarten

src: thumbs.dreamstime.com

Kindergarten ( , US: Ã, ( < span> Ã, listen ; from the German ['k? nd ??? a: ?? tn?] Ã, ( listen ) , literally 'park for children') is a traditional preschool approach based on play, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally created at the end of the 18th century in Bavaria and Strasbourg to serve children whose parents work outside the home. The term was coined by Friedrich FrÃÆ'¶bel Germany, whose approach globally influenced early education. Today, the term is used in many countries to describe educational institutions and learning spaces for children ranging from two to seven years, based on various teaching methods.

Video Kindergarten

History

In 1779, Johann Friedrich Oberlin and Louise Scheppler were founded in Strasbourg as an early establishment to care for and educate pre-school children whose parents were absent during the day. At about the same time, in 1780, the establishment of a similar baby was established in Bavaria. In 1802, Princess Pauline zur Lippe established a preschool center in Detmold, the capital of Lippe Kingdom, Germany (now in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia).

In 1816, Robert Owen, a philosopher and educator, opened Britain's first and perhaps globally first baby school in New Lanark, Scotland. In relation to his efforts for a cooperative factory, Owen wants children to be given a good moral education so that they will be fit to work. The system successfully produces obedient children with basic reading and numeracy skills.

Samuel Wilderspin opened his first infant school in London in 1819, and later founded hundreds more. He published many works on the subject, and his work became a model for infant schools throughout England and beyond. Play is an important part of the Wilderspin education system. He is credited with creating a playground. In 1823, Wilderspin published the Importance of Educating Poor Babies, by school. He started working for the Infant School Society the following year, telling others about his views. He also authored the Infant System, to develop the physical, intellectual, and moral strength of all children from ages 1 to 7 years .

Spread

The Countess Theresa Brunszvik (1775-1861), known and influenced by Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, was influenced by this example to open Angyalkert ("angel garden" in Hungarian) on May 27, 1828, at his residence at Buda, the first treatment center of the eleven he set up for little ones. In 1836 he founded an institute for the foundations of pre-school centers. The idea became popular among nobles and middle class and copied throughout the Kingdom of Hungary.

Friedrich FrÃÆ'¶bel (1782-1852) opened the "play and activity" institution in 1837 in the village of Bad Blankenburg in the Kingdom of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Thuringia, as an experimental social experience for children entering school. He changed his name to Kindergarten's Kindergarten on June 28, 1840, reflecting his belief that children should be nurtured and nourished "as plants in the garden ".

Women who are trained by FrÃÆ'¶bel open a kindergarten across Europe and around the world. The first childrens park in the US was established in Watertown, Wisconsin in 1856 and was held in Germany by Margaretha Meyer-Schurz.

Elizabeth Peabody founded the first English-speaking Kindergarten in the US in 1860. The first free kindergarten in the US was founded in 1870 by Conrad Poppenhusen, a German industrialist and philanthropist, who also founded the Poppenhusen Institute. The first publicly-funded kindergarten in the US was founded in St. Louis. Louis in 1873 by Susan Blow.

The first private kindergarten in Canada was opened by the Wesley Methodist Church in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, in 1870. By the end of the decade, a common kindergarten in big cities and Canadian cities. The country's first public-school TK was founded in Berlin, Ontario (modern Kitchener), in 1882 T Central School). In 1885, the Toronto Normal School (teacher training) opened a department to teach in kindergarten.

Elizabeth Harrison wrote extensively on the theory of early childhood education and worked to improve the standard of education for kindergarten teachers by establishing what became the National High School of Education in 1886.

Maps Kindergarten

By country or region

Afghanistan

In Afghanistan, children between the ages of 3 and 6 go to kindergarten (From: ???????? ? Pashto: < span lang = "ps" dir = "rtl"> ?????? ?). Although kindergartens in Afghanistan are not part of the school system, they are often run by governments.

The Early Childhood Development Program was first introduced during the Soviet occupation by the establishment in 1980 of 27 urban preschools, or kodakistan. The number of preschoolers continued to increase during the 1980s, peaking in 1990 with over 270 in Afghanistan. At this peak, there are 2,300 teachers who care for more than 21,000 children in this country. These facilities are an urban phenomenon, mostly in Kabul, and attached to schools, government offices, or factories. Under the Soviet model, the Early Childhood Development program provides nursing, preschool, and kindergarten care for children from 3 months to 6 years under the direction of the Department of Labor and Social Welfare.

Most Afghan families have never been exposed to this system, and many of these families oppose these programs because of the belief that it reduces the central role of the family and instills children with Soviet values. With the onset of civil war after the Soviet withdrawal, the number of kindergartens dropped rapidly. In 1995, only 88 facilities served serving 2,110 surviving children, and the Taliban's restrictions on women's work eliminated all remaining centers in areas under their control. In 2007, there were about 260 nursery/pre-school centers serving more than 25,000 children. Although every government center is required to have an early childhood center, currently, there is no government policy dealing with early childhood and no agency has the responsibility or capacity to provide such services.

Australia and New Zealand

In every Australian state, kindergarten (often referred to as "friendly" or "benevolent") means something a little different. In Tasmania, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, it was the first year of primary school. In Victoria, kindergarten is a preschool form and can be referred to alternately as preschool or kindergarten. In Victoria and Tasmania, the phrase for the first year of primary school is called Prep (short for "preparation"), followed by class 1.

In Queensland, kindergartens are usually institutions for children around the age of 4 and thus are the forerunner of pre-school education and basic education. In recent years, TK has taken children as young as 6 months.

The year before the first year of primary school education in Western Australia, South Australia or the Northern Territory is referred to as either pre-primary , acceptance or transition .

In New Zealand, kindergartens may refer to education within 2 years before elementary school, from age 3 to 4. Basic Education starts at age 5.

Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, the term "kindergarten", or "KG School", is used to refer to schoolchildren who attend school from 3 to 6 years. Level names are nursery, shishu (children), etc. But the view of kindergarten education has changed much from previous years. Almost every rural area now has at least one Kindergarten School, most of which is run in Bengali. They also follow textbooks published by the National Curriculum and Textbook Board (NCTB) with minor modifications, adding some additional books in the syllabus. Common values ​​start from the Nursery (sometimes "Play"), "KG" afterwards, and end with class 5. Apart from the National Education System, kindergarten greatly contributes to achieving the Millennium Development Goals of universal primary education in Bangladesh.

Bulgarian

In Bulgaria, the term detska gradina refers to school children attending 3-7 (in some cases 6) years. Since 2012, two years of pre-school education is mandatory. Two years of compulsory pre-school education can be attended either in kindergarten or in preparatory groups in primary school.

Canada

Schools outside Ontario and the Northwest Territories generally provide a one-year kindergarten, except some private schools offer junior kindergarten for 4-year-olds (pre-school kindergartens are most commonly referred to as pre-school). After kindergarten, children start first class. Nova Scotia Province refers to Kindergarten as a Primary School.

The Provinces of Ontario and the Northwest Territory provide a two-year kindergarten. In the province of Quebec, junior kindergarten is called prÃÆ' Â © maternelle (which is not mandatory), attended by a 4-year-old child, and a senior kindergarten called maternelle , neither mandatory at the age of 5 years, this class is integrated into elementary school. In the French school system in the province of Ontario, junior kindergarten is called maternelle and a senior kindergarten is called jardin d'enfants , which is the German word .

Chile

In Chile, an equivalent term for Kindergarten is " EducaciÃÆ'³n parvularia ", sometimes also called " EducaciÃÆ'³n Preescolar ". This is the first level of the Chilean education system. It meets the needs of boys and girls integrally from their birth until their admission to EducaciÃÆ'³n BÃÆ'¡sica (Basic education), regardless as mandatory. Generally, schools instill this level, JUNJI (National Council of Kindergarten Schools) and other private institutions have the following group or subcategory organizations:

• Nursery low: This is a baby's address from 85 days to 1 year.
• High nursery: This is for children aged 1 to 2 years.
• Low Medium Level: This is for children 2 to 3 years old.
• Higher Level High: This is for children 3 to 4 years old.
• First transition level: Often called "Pre-friendly ", this is for children 4 to 5 years old.
• Second transition level : Usually called " Kinder ", this is for children aged 5 to 6. This is the last phase of this type of education, by completing it, the children go to "Primero BÃÆ'¡sico " (First Class of primary education).

China

In China, pre-school education, before children enter formal schooling at the age of 6, is generally divided into "child care" or "preschool" and "kindergarten" stages (??? (yÃÆ'²u'ÃÆ' Â © ryuÃÆ'¡n This stage can be two separate institutions, or one that is combined in different areas where two separate institutions are common for kindergarten consisting of two years, and preschool for one year lower. common for these three years are:

1. Nursery (or "preschool" or "playgroup") (children) 3- to 4 years
2. Under Kindergarten (??/zh? ng b? n): children 4 to 5 years old
3. Upper Kindergarten (??/dÃÆ' b? n): 5-6 years old children.

In some places, children in 5-6 years may be on the side or even attend "acceptance" or "preparatory" classes (???/xuÃÆ' Â © qiÃÆ'¡n b? N) focusing on preparing children for formal schooling.

Country (general) kindergartens only accept children older than 3 years, while private ones have no such limitations.

Denmark

Kindergartens are child care services offered to children from the age of three until the children begin school. The kindergarten class (grade 0) is voluntary and is offered by primary school before the child goes to class 1.

Two thirds of the day-care centers established in Denmark are urban day-care centers while one-third are privately owned and run by parents or business associations in agreement with local authorities. In terms of finances and subjects, municipal and private institutions function in accordance with the same principles.

Denmark is credited with pioneering (though not creating) a forest children's park, where children spend almost every day out in the natural environment.

Egypt

In Egypt, children can go to kindergarten for two years (KG1 and KG2) between the ages of four and six.

French

In France, pre-school is known as ÃÆ' Â © cole maternelle (French for "nursery school", literally "motherly school"). Free maternelle schools are available throughout the country, welcome children aged 3-6 years (though in many places, children children under three may not be given a place). Age divided into grande section (GS: 5 year old child), part moyenne (MS: 4-year-olds), tiny part (PS: 3-year-old child) and fry a small section (TPS: Children age 2 year). That's not compulsory, but almost all children aged 3 to 5 years attend. It is regulated by the Ministry of National Education.

German

In German, a German Kindergarten (masculine: der Kindergarten, plural KindergÃÆ'¤rten ) is a facility for the care of pre-school children who are usually at least three years old. On the contrary, the German Kinderkrippe or Krippe refers to krÃÆ'¨che for childcare before they enter Kindergarten (9 weeks up to about three years), KindertagesstÃÆ'¤tte - literally "children's day sites", usually shortened to < i> We - is a generic term for a pre-school nursery facility.

Its presence is voluntary, and usually not free. Pre school children over the age of one year are entitled to receive local and affordable child care. In the federal system, the KindergÃÆ'¤rten fell under the responsibility of the state, which usually delegates most of the responsibility to municipality. Due to the principle of subsidiarity established by §4 SGB VIII, there are many operators, from municipal, church and welfare communities to parent initiatives and profit-based enterprises. Much of the KindergÃÆ'¤rten follows the specific educational approaches, such as Montessori, Reggio Emilia, " Berliner Bildungsprogramm " or Waldorf; kindergarten of established forest. Most of the KindergÃÆ'¤rten are subsidized by the community council, at a cost dependent on parental income.

Even in small towns, there are often Roman Catholic and Lutheran kindergartens available. Places in crÃÆ'¨ches and kindergartens are often difficult to safeguard and must be 'booked' in advance, even though the situation has improved with new laws enacted in August 2013. The availability of childcare, however, varies greatly by region. It is usually better in the east, and in big cities in the north, like Berlin or Hamburg, and the poorest in the south of Germany.

All caregivers within We or Kindergarten must have a quality education for three years, or be under special supervision during training.

KindergÃÆ'¤rten can be opened from 7 am to 5 pm or later and possibly also home krà © ¨ ca ( Kinderkrippe ) for children between the ages of eight weeks and three years, and perhaps the afternoon Hort (often associated with elementary school) for school-age children aged 6 to 10 who spend their time there. Along with the nursery, there is a nursing nurse in the day ( TagesmÃÆ'¼tter or Tagespflegepersonen ) works independently from pre-school institutions in each home and treats only three to five children, usually until the age of three. The nurses are supported and supervised by local authorities.

The term Vorschule ("pre-school") is used both for educational endeavors at KindergÃÆ'¤rten and for compulsory classes normally connected to primary school. Both systems are handled differently in every German state. Schulkindergarten is a German Vorschule .

Hong Kong

Pre-Primary Service in Hong Kong refers to the provision of education and care for young children by kindergartens and daycare centers. Kindergarten, registered at the Education Bureau, provides services for children aged three to six. Child care centers, on the other hand, are enrolled in the Department of Social Welfare and include daycare, serving children aged two to three, and creches, caring for infants from birth to two.

Currently, most kindergartens operate on half a day offering both upper and lower kindergarten classes and nursery classes. Some kindergartens operate full day kindergarten classes as well. The childcare center also provides full day and half day services with most centers providing full day services.

The goal of pre-primary education in Hong Kong is to provide a relaxed and enjoyable learning environment for children to promote balanced development of various aspects needed for child development such as physical, intellectual, linguistic, social, emotional and aesthetic aspects.

To help build a culture of self-evaluation in kindergartens and to provide a reference for the community in assessing the quality and standards of pre-primary education, the Education Bureau has developed Performance Indicators for pre-primary institutions in Hong Kong. Beginning in the academic year 2000/01, Quality Assurance Inspection was launched to further promote the development of quality Early Childhood Education.

Hungarian

In Hungary, a kindergarten is called óvoda ("place to care"). Children attend kindergarten between ages 3-6/7 (they go to school in the year where they have a 7th anniversary). Presence in compulsory kindergarten from age 3, although exceptions are made for developmental reasons. Although kindergartens may include programs in subjects like foreign language and music, children spend most of their time playing. In their last year, children began preparing to attend elementary school.

Most state-funded kindergartens. Kindergarten teachers are required to have a diploma.

India

In India, there are only informal guidelines relating to pre-primary education, where the primary school and elementary sections do not require affiliation. The directive states that three-year-olds on May 30 in the given academic year are eligible to attend the Nursery and Kindergarten classes. Typically, children spend 3 to 4 years from their time in pre-primary school after they are eligible to attend the First Standard in Primary Schools that fall under the HRD service norms. Basic education is now required in India, and accompanied by midday food, in most state-run governments. Pre-primer is not mandatory, but is preferred. All government schools and private schools that are affiliated allow 5-year-old children on May 30 to enroll in a standard primary school.

Italy

In Italy, pre-school education refers to two different values:

• Nursery school, called asili-nido for children between 3 and 36 months;
• Previous maternal schools scuola materna and now scuola dell'infanzia , for children aged 3 to 5 years.

Italian asili-nido is officially institutionalized in the 1971 State Act (L. 1044/1971), and may set aside by private or public institutions. They were originally established to enable mothers to have opportunities to work outside their homes, and are therefore seen as social services. Today, they mostly serve the purposes of general education and social interaction. In Italy, much effort has been made to develop a pedagogical approach to parenting: the famous is the so-called Reggio Emilia approach, named after the city of Reggio Emilia, in Emilia-Romagna.

Asili-nido usually occupies a small one-story building, surrounded by gardens; usually suitable for no more than 60 or 70 children. The core of the asili-nido is a classroom, divided into playrooms and restrooms; the playroom always has windows and doors leading to a playground and an outdoor garden.

The maternal schools ( scuola materna ) were founded in 1968 after the Law of the State n. 444 and is a full section of the official Italian education system, although attendance is not mandatory. Like the asili-nido (breeding school), the mother's school may be held by either a public or private institution.

Japanese

Early childhood education begins at home, and there are many books and television shows aimed at helping mom & amp; father of preschoolers to educate their children and parents more effectively. Most home-based training is devoted to teaching manners, proper social behavior, and structured games, though verbal skills and numbers are also popular themes. Parents are very committed to early education and often enroll their children in preschool.

Kindergarten (??? y? Chien), dominated by young graduates of college graduate women, is overseen by the Ministry of Education but not part of the official education system. 58% private surveyed kindergarten for 77% of all children enrolled. In addition to kindergartens, there is also a government-supervised childcare center system (??? hoikuen), supervised by the Ministry of Labor. While kindergartners follow educational goals, preschools are primarily concerned with providing care for infants and toddlers. Just like there are public and private kindergartens, there are public and private preschools. Together, these two types of agencies enroll more than 90 percent of all preschoolers before entering the formal system at the first level. The Education Education Department's 1990 Course for Preschools, which applies to both types of institutions, covers areas such as human relations, health, the environment, language, and expression. Starting from March 2008 a new revision of curriculum guidelines for kindergarten as well as for preschool coming into force.

South Korea

In South Korea, children usually attend kindergarten (Korean: yuchi won between 3 or 4 years of age and six or seven years in the Western age system. (Korean age is calculated differently from the age of the West: when they are born they are considered to be one year old, not one day old.In addition, every January 1, the age of each person increases one year regardless of when their birthdays.Therefore in Korea, kindergarten children are called children aged five, six, and seven years.) The school year begins in March. This is followed by elementary school. Normally, the kindergarten is assessed on three layers.

Kindergarten Korea is a private school, and monthly fees vary. Korean parents often send their children to English kindergartens to give them a start in English. Special kindergartens like that are mostly taught in Korea with some English lessons, mostly taught in English with some Korean lessons, or fully taught in English. Almost all middle-class parents send their children to kindergarten.

Kindergarten programs in South Korea try to include a lot of academic instruction along with more fun activities. Kindergarten Koreans learn to read, write (often in English and Korean) and perform simple arithmetic. Classes are done in a traditional classroom setting, with children focusing on the teacher and one lesson or activity at a time. The goal of the teacher is to address the weak points in the knowledge or skills of each child.

Because the education system in Korea is so competitive, kindergartens become more academic. Children are encouraged to read and write at a very young age. They also become accustomed to regular homework and quite a lot. These very young children can also attend other special afternoon schools, taking art lessons, piano or violin, taekwondo, ballet, soccer or math.

Kosovo

In Kosovo, a kindergarten is known as ÃÆ'â € ëdhe or Kopshti i fÃÆ'Â «mijë ve , and they function as a Day Care Center. There is a public and private kindergarten, and it is for children under 3 years of age. Children aged 3-6 years go to Institution parashkollore , which is different from the Child Care Center, as here children begin the basic learning process, and they serve as a preparatory institution for Elementary School. After the age of 6, children continue to elementary school. However, Day Care Centers and Preparatory Bodies are not required.

Kuwait

In Kuwait, Kuwaiti children can go to free government kindergartens for two years (KG1 and KG2) between the ages of four and six.

Luxembourg

In Luxembourg, Kindergarten is called Spillschoul (literally "Playschool", plural Spillschoulen ). This is a public education facility attended by children between the ages of 4 (or 5) and 6 as they progress to Grondschoul (elementary school). Macedonia

The Macedonian equivalent of kindergarten is the detska gradinka ( ?????? ???????? ), sometimes called zabavishte ( ????????? ) children younger than 4 years. Detska gradinka is not part of the compulsory education of the country, since the education process in that country starts at the age of 5 or 6 years, ie first class.

Malaysia

In Malaysia, kindergartens are known as kindergarten . Most kindergartens are available for children aged five and six years (and some are available for four year olds). For children up to the age of three (or four), there is a pre-school playgroup. There is no standard rule for when a child should go to a kindergarten, but the majority will be when the child is 5 years old. Children will usually attend a kindergarten for two years, before continuing to elementary school at age 7.

Mexico

In Mexico, kindergartens are called kÃÆ'nder , with the last year sometimes referred to as preprimaria (primaria is the name given for grades 1 through 6, so his name literally means "before elementary school"). The kindergarten system in Mexico was developed by professor Rosaura Zapata, who received the country's highest award for his contribution. It consists of three years of pre-school education, which is mandatory before primary school. Early breeding is optional and can be offered in private schools or public schools.

In private schools, kinders usually consist of three classes, and the fourth can be added for the nursery class. The fourth is called motherhood. It happened before the other three years and is not mandatory. While the first class is a play group, the other two are educational classes.

In 2002, the United States Congress approved the Pre-school Education Law, which made preschool education for children aged three to six years mandatory, and placed it under the auspices of federal and state ministries of education.

Mongolia

In Mongolia, TK is known as "????????" or tsetserleg . As of September 2013, there are about 152 registered kindergartens in the country. Of the 152 kindergartens, 142 belong to the state. Children start kindergarten at age 2 and finish it by 5. The pre-kindergarten education system in Mongolia is called "????", which accepts children between 0 and 2 years old.

Morocco

In Morocco, pre-school is known as ÃÆ' Â © cole maternelle , kuttab , or ar-rawd . State-run and free schools are available throughout the kingdom, welcoming children aged between 2 to 5 years (although in many places children under 3 can not be assigned places). That's not compulsory, but almost 80% of 3 to 5 year olds attend. It's governed by the Moroccan education department.

Nepal

In Nepal, kindergartens are run as private institutions, with lessons they do in English. The kindergarten education in Nepal is most similar to Hong Kong and India. Children start attending kindergarten from the age of 2 years until they are at least 5 years old.

The children's garden in Nepal has the following classes:

1. Nursery/playgroup: 2- to 3 years
2. Under TK: ages 3 to 4 years
3. Upper Children's Garden: ages 4- to 5 years

Netherlands

In the Netherlands, the equivalent term for kindergarten is kleuterschool . From the mid-19th century until the middle of the 20th century, the term "Dutch text"> FrÃÆ'¶belschool was also common, after Friedrich FrÃÆ'Â ¶bell. However, the term is gradually fading used as a verb FrÃÆ'¶belen gaining a bit of a derogatory meaning in colloquial. Until 1985, it was used to be a separate non-mandatory education form (for children aged 4-6 years), after which children (aged 6-12 years) attended elementary school ( left behind school ). After 1985, the two forms were integrated into one, called baseonderwijs (Dutch for basic education). For children under 4 years old, the country offers a private, subsidized holiday ( kinderdagverblijf ), which is not mandatory but remains very popular.

Norwegian

In Norway, barnehage is a term equivalent to kindergarten, used for children between the ages of 10 months and 6 years. First barnehager was established in Norway at the end of the 19th century. Although it has been around for 120 years, they are not considered part of the education system. They are both owned and operated publicly and privately. Staff, at least managers, should be educated as a barnehagelÃÆ'Â|rer (kindergarten teacher), formerly known as fÃÆ'¸rskolelÃÆ'Â|rer (pre-school teacher). Children spend most of their time outdoors. There is also an institution called barnepark (children's park), which does not need to have a certified staff.

Peru

In Peru, the term nido refers to children attending school from 3 to 6 years of age. This was followed by elementary school classes, which lasted for six years. Some families choose to send their children to primary school by age six. In 1902, teacher Elvira Garcia and co-founder Garcia of the Society mentioned above, organized the first kindergarten for children aged 2 to 8, Fanning annex to Lyceum for women. His studies and his concern for children made him spread through conferences and documents, the importance of protecting children early and responding to the formation of personality based on justice and understanding, and the use of FrÃÆ'¶bel and from Montessori. and parent participation in this educational task.

Philippines

In the Philippines, education officially begins at the Elementary School level and placing children in early childhood education through kindergarten is an option for parents. Early childhood education in the Philippines is classified into:

• Center based programs , such as Barangay care services, pre-public and private schools, kindergartens or school-based programs, community-based or community-led early childhood education programs initiated by non-governmental organizations or community organizations, child-care and workplace-related education programs, childcare centers, health centers and stations; and
• Home-based programs , such as neighborhood-based play groups, family day care programs, parenting education, and home-visiting programs.

Early childhood education is strengthened through the creation of the Early Childhood Care and Development Act of 2000 (Republic Act No. 8980). In 2011, the Ministry of Education disseminated copies of the Kindergarten Education Act through Republic Act no. 10157 which makes it compulsory and mandatory throughout the country. As a provision of this law, children under five years of age are required to enroll in kindergarten in every public elementary school in the country. This is in line with the implementation of the K-12 system in the Basic Education Curriculum.

Romanian

In Romanian, gr? Dini ?? , meaning "small park", is the preferred form of education for preschool children typically aged 3-6 years. Children are divided into three groups: "small group" ( grupa mic? , age 3-4), " group is "( grupa mijlocie , age 4-5) and" large group "( grupa mare , ages 5-6). In recent years, private kindergartens have become popular, complementing the country's preschool education system. TK is optional. The "school preparatory year" ( clasa preg? Titoare ) is for children aged 6-7 years, and has since become mandatory in 2012, usually in schools.

Russian

In the Russian Federation, ??????? ??? ( dyetskiy sad , a literal translation of "children's park") is a preschool educational institution for children, usually 3 to 6 years.

South Africa

Childrens Park (commonly known as creche) in South Africa provides age 0-6 years spent on pre-school programs for children of all ages to six years. One to three year program, known as kindergarten , kindergarten 1 (K1), and kindergarten 2 (K2), preparing children for their first year of elementary school education. Some kindergartens further divide the children's room into N1 and N2.

Spanish

In Spain, kindergartens are called infantil , ciclo infantil or guarderÃÆ'a , and serve children from 3 up to 6 years of age. This is generally known by some as parvulitos .

1 º ciclo de EducaciÃÆ'³n Infantil (from 0 to 3 years) 2 º ciclo de EducaciÃÆ'³n Infantil (from age 3 to 6 years).

Sudan

Kindergartens in Sudan are divided into private and public kindergartens. Preschool is mandatory in Sudan. The right kindergarten age ranges from 3-6 years. The curriculum includes Arabic, English, religion, mathematics and more.

Swedish

In Sweden, kindergarten activities were established in the 19th century, and have been broadly expanded since the 1970s. The first kindergarten teachers in Sweden were trained by Henriette Schrader-Breymann at Pestalozzi-FrÃÆ'¶bel Haus, which he founded in 1882.

Taiwan

Although many kindergartens and kindergartens are common in Taiwan, private kindergartens and kindergartens are also quite popular. Many private preschools offer accelerated courses in a variety of subjects to compete with public preschools and take advantage of public demand for academic achievement. The curriculum in such preschools often includes subject matter such as science, art, physical education and even math classes. The majority of these schools are part of a large school chain, operating under franchise arrangements. In return for an annual fee, a chain company can provide advertising, curriculum, books, materials, training, and even staff for each school.

There has been a huge growth in the number of privately owned and privately operated UK immersion preschoolers in Taiwan since 1999. This English immersion pre-school generally employs native English-speaking teachers to teach the entire curriculum of preschool in "English only" environments. The legality of these types of schools has been questioned on many occasions, but they are growing. Some members of the Taiwanese community have voiced concerns about whether local children should be placed in the UK immersion environment at a very young age, and has raised fears that students' abilities in their mother tongue can suffer as a result. The debate continues, but at the moment, the market for English Immersion Preschools continues to grow.

Ukraine

In 2010, a total of 56% of children aged one to six years had the opportunity to attend preschool education, the Ukrainian Ministry of Education and Science reported in August 2010. Many preschools and kindergartens were closed earlier due to economic and demographic considerations..

United Kingdom

The term kindergarten was never used in the UK to describe the modern pre-school education or the first year of compulsory elementary school. Pre-school is usually known as creche, nursery school or playgroup, while the first year of compulsory learning is known as the British Reception, Dosbarth Derbyn in Welsh ("Reception Class") and Primary One in Scotland and Northern Ireland. The nursery is part of the Foundation's educational stage. In the 1980s, England and Wales formally adopted the Northern Ireland system in which children began schooling in either a period of time or a year in which they would become five depending on the policy of local education authorities. In Scotland, schools are compulsory between the ages of 4½ and 5 1/2 years, depending on their birthday (school starts in August for children 4 years old at the end of the previous February).

However, the word "kindergarten" is used for specialist organizations more like forest kindergartens and is sometimes used in naming private nurseries that provide day-to-day parenting for working parents. Historically the word was used during the nineteenth century when activists such as Adelaide Manning introduced educators to the work of Friedrich FrÃÆ'¶bel.

In the UK, parents have the option of parenting their children at the age of three or four years, before education should begin. Before that, less structured parenting was available privately. Details vary between England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

Some nurseries are attached to primary school or primary school, but many are provided by the private sector. The Scottish government provides funds so that all children from the age of three until they begin schooling attend five hours per week for two and a half hours each, whether in a state or private nursery. Working parents can also receive from their child care worth £ 55 per week tax-free income, which is usually enough to pay one or two days per week.

The Scottish government defines requirements for nursery schools in the Initial Year Framework and Curriculum for Excellence. Each school interprets this with more or less independence (depending on their management structure) but must meet the Maintenance Commission to retain their license to operate. The curriculum aims to develop:

• confident individual
• effective contributors
• responsible citizens
• successful learners

United States

In the US, kindergartens are usually part of the K-12 education system. In most public and private schools, children start kindergarten at age 5 and attend for one year. They do activities like additions (), reductions (-), and play outside in the playground. Forty-three countries require their school district to offer children's nursery years.

In typical US kindergarten classes, resources such as toys, picture books, and crayons are available for children to use. Daily schedules vary from city to city, but there are some similarities. In the morning, children usually do a circle of time. This includes telling a pledge of allegiance, looking at the calendar, and discussing the weather and the day's seasons. Furthermore, children work on different subjects:

In mathematics, kindergarten children typically perform single digit additions and deductions, learn to count with "more or less" games, get acquainted with the clock, and learn to calculate jumps to prepare them for a single digit multiplier.

In the art of language (English), children learn the word vision, (cat, have fun), rhyming, fused, and silent e. They then learn how to write, form sentences, and are asked to write three complete sentences at the end of the year.

In social studies, kindergarten children learn about the moon, the US state, the continent, and sometimes about people performing community functions (eg doctors, barbers, teachers) and places (eg, "you go to the hospital when you are sick or have surgery. "" You go to the park to play. ")

After a few lessons, there was a break for lunch. Children take their own lunch boxes that are brought from home or take lunch from the cafeteria and eat them (or take) there or in the classroom. Sometimes after lunch the kids take a break, some of the students' favorite parts of the day, when they can go outside to play on the swing, skating, playing basketball, or socializing. After the rest, kindergarten children go back inside to do more learning. Some schools allow children to take a nap or make free choices (beams, tic tac toe, play doh, etc.) When kindergarten is finished that day, parents come to pick up their children or children take the bus home.

src: littlehousekindergarten.files.wordpress.com

See also

• forest kindergarden
• Head Start Program
• Montessori Education
• Pre-math skills
• The Reggio Emilia Approach
• Universal preschool
• Waldorf Education

src: study.com

References

src: p5cdn4static.sharpschool.com

Further reading

Source of the article : Wikipedia