The Thousand Islands is a group of nature, altered, and destructive islands in the lagoon of the Pisang River, Cocoa Beach, in Brevard County, Florida. From the late 1950s to early 1970s the islands were rebuilt by development and efforts to control the mosquitoes when Brevard populations grew during the early periods of space programs at Cape Canaveral and Kennedy Space Center.
Video Thousand Islands (Cocoa Beach)
Histori Edit
The State of Florida purchased the Thousand Islands in 1988. Rented them back to Cocoa Beach City in 1991, provided that the islands were used for recreation and conservation efforts. The total price is $ 3,230,950. The city contributed $ 1,615,475, Brevard County contributed $ 700,000, and the State of Florida contributed $ 915.475.
Maps Thousand Islands (Cocoa Beach)
Geomorphology Edit
The core of the sediment reveals that the Thousand Islands formed when the sea is driven by a storm breaks through the barrier island, leaving about 900 acres (360Ã, ha) of delta delta deposit. The date of this event is unknown. Graphs from the mid-19th century and longer did not describe the Thousand Islands. However, this may be due to lack of detail. The Cocoa Beach area was surveyed in 1876-1877 and looked identical to a 1951 aerial photograph.
The stratigraphic characteristics of tidal delta deposits include the presence of ordinary sand layers (often containing remnants of terrestrial vegetation) tucked in between the many shell-containing sediments of small shell mollusks indicating deposition in normal lagoon environments. This uneven coating of sand lacks a shell indicates a disruption to the normal addition of benthic sediment by rapid deposits of mound material that are washed away by severe wave action.
There are about 100 islands in the Thousand Islands, the number of islands that are virtually meaningless because of flooding in many areas during the seasonal high season during the summer. Relatively low topography and rising water levels can turn an island into a lot when rain begins.
The Thousand Islands is divided approximately halfway by the Minutemen Causeway. This formation consists of about 900 hectares (360 ha) of salt marshes, mangrove forests, destructive sites containing highland vegetation, and maritime hammocks on the middens shell. Beginning in the late 1950s, small trenches were dug through the islands to allow the movement of water and fish access to the delicious swampy interior areas for mosquito control.
At about the same time, dredging and filling activities began in Cocoa Beach for housing construction. Developers dredge channels and use booty to provide fill material for the house. Some areas of the Thousand Islands are filled but not fully developed, leaving a vast plateau area. During the 1960s Brevard County Mosquito Control began to dredge the Thousand Islands south of the Minutemen Causeway, which resulted in the conversion of salt marsh into highland dredging with state-owned C-34 forgery.
Flora Edit
The original wetlands are dominated by red, black, and white mangroves. Fresh swamps contain saltwort, annual glasswort, perpetual glasswort, marine diseases, and seapurslane beaches.
The transitional zone between the salt swamp and the highlands is dominated by fertile sea oxeye ( Borrichia frutescens (L.) DC.) And the wooden button ( Conocarpus erectus L.). The transitional zone is dominated by graminoid vegetation containing saltgrass ( Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene) and paspalum seashore ( Paspalum vaginatum Sw.).
The highlands have been colonized by several native plant species, including privet swamp ( Forestiera segregata (Jacq.) Krug & Urb.), Check the salt ( Baccharis halimifolia L.), cabbage palm ( Sabal palmetto (Walter) Lodd. ex Shult. & amp; Schult. ), and the image of the strangler ( Ficus aurea Nutt.).
The main invasive non-native plants include Brazilian pepper ( Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi), Australian pine ( Casuarina equisetifolia L., Casuarina glauca Sieber ex Spreng. ), and carrotwood ( Cupaniopsis anacardioides (A. Rich.) Radlk.). All are invasive Category I, "... altering indigenous plant communities by transferring native species, altering community structures or ecological functions..."
The pre-Columbian skin bowl is present in four main areas of the Thousand Islands. Quantitative work is done in Provost and Salmela middens in the South Islands by Kozusko & amp; Hunt has found the following tropical plant species: marlberry Ardisia escallonioides Schiede & Deppe ex Schltdl. & Amp; Cham.), Torchwood ( Amyris elemifera L.), gumbo limbo ( Simaruba Bursera (L.) Sarg.), spinach leaves ( Capparis flexuosa (L.) L.), Jamaican hat ( Capparis jamaicensis i> Jacq.), snowberry ( Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc.), pigeonplumb ( Coccoloba diversifolia Jacq.), seagrape ( Coccoloba uvifera Erythrina herbacea L.), Spanish stopper ( Eugenia foetida Press.), white stoppers ( Eugenia axillaris i (Sw.) Willd.), Blolly ( Guapira discolor (Spreng.) Little), black iron wood ( Krugiodendron ferreum (Vahl) Urb.), twinberry ( Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh), white indigo-berry ( Randia aculeata L.), saffron plumb ( Sideroxylon celastrinum (Kunth) TD Penn.), and wild chalk ( Zanthoxylum fagara (L.) Sarg.). Many of these plants are not found further north than Brevard County.
Acquisition, Recovery Edit
The states of Florida and Cocoa Beach bought the islands north of the Minutemen Causeway in 1988. The acquisition of the remaining southern islands was completed in 2007. These islands are managed as Thousand Islands Conservation Area by the Landscapes Environmentally Endangered Lands Program. Attempts to acquire the remaining private islands began in 2006 with the acquisition of the Reynolds channel, and was completed in 2007 by acquiring the Crawford Homes treaty by the Brevard County Environmentally Endangered Lands Program (EEL).
The restoration effort involves the removal of Brazilian pines and Australian pines. Regardless of the Category I pine status of Australia, the removal of trees in ecological restorations can be controversial among ordinary people. In the Thousand Islands Conservation Area managed by EEL, replanting has been used after Australian pine cutting, but the effect is simple, with native recruitment planted outside the species. The management plan for the current North Thousand Islands (April 2013) is being revised.
References Edit
External reference Edit
Plant nomenclature follows Wunderlin, R. P. & amp; B. F. Hansen. (2011). Guide to Vascular Plants of Florida, 3rd Edition. University Press Florida, Gainesville.
External links Edit
- Friends from the Thousand Islands
- District EEL Program
- County Mosquito Control District
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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