Honolulu ( ; Hawaiian: Ã, [hono'lulu] ) is the capital and largest city in the US state of Hawaii ? i. This is an indispensable part of and downtown and Honolulu district on O island? ahu. This city is the main gateway to Hawaii ? i and main portal to the United States. The city is also a major center for international business, military defense, and is well-known as host to a variety of eastern and western cultures and cuisines, cuisines, and traditions.
Honolulu is the most remote city in the world and is the most western US city. For statistical purposes, the US Census Bureau recognizes an area of ​​estimate commonly referred to as "Honolulu City" (not to be confused with "Cities and Regencies") as a county census division (CCD). Honolulu is the main financial center of the islands and the Pacific Ocean. The population of the Honolulu census (CDP) population was 359,870 in the 2017 population estimate, while the Honolulu CCD was 390,738 and the population of the consolidated cities and districts was 953,207.
Honolulu means "sheltered harbor" or "quiet harbor". The old name is Kou, the district that roughly covers the area of ​​Nu ? uanu Avenue to Alakea Street and from Hotel Street to Queen Street which is the heart of the downtown district. The city has been the capital of the Hawaiian Islands since 1845 and gained historical recognition after an attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese near the city on December 7, 1941.
In 2015, Honolulu ranks high in the world livability rankings, and also ranks as the 2nd safest city in the US. It is also the most populous city of Oceania outside Australasia and ranks second in Auckland as the most populous city in Polynesia.
Video Honolulu
Histori
Evidence of Honolulu's first settlement by native Polynesian migrants to the archipelago comes from oral history and artifacts. This shows that there are settlements where Honolulu now stands in the 11th century. However, after Kamehameha I conquered O ? ahu in Battle of Nu ? uanu in Nu ? uanu Pali, he moved his royal palace from Island of Hawaii ? i to Waik? K? in 1804. The tribunal was relocated in 1809 to what is now downtown Honolulu. The capital was moved back to Kailua-Kona in 1812.
In 1794, Captain William Brown of England was the first foreigner to sail to what is now the Port of Honolulu. More foreign ships follow, making the Honolulu port a focal point for merchant ships traveling between North America and Asia.
In 1845, Kamehameha III moved the permanent capital of the Kingdom of Hawaii from Lahaina on Maui to Honolulu. He and the kings who followed him turned Honolulu into a modern capital, erecting buildings such as St. Andrew's Cathedral, ? Iolani Palace, and Ali ? i? Lani Hale. At the same time, Honolulu became a trading center on the islands, with American missionary descendants setting up a major business in downtown Honolulu.
Despite the turbulent history of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, such as the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy in 1893, Hawaii ? The next annexation by the United States in 1898, followed by a major fire in 1900, and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, Honolulu remains the capital, largest city, and major airports and harbors of the Hawaiian Islands.
The economic boom and tourism after the state brought rapid economic growth to Honolulu and Hawaii ? i. Modern air travel brings, in 2007, 7.6 million visitors each year to the islands, with 62.3% entering Honolulu International Airport. Today, Honolulu is a modern city with lots of tall buildings, and Waik? K? is the center of the tourism industry in Hawaii ? i, with thousands of hotel rooms. British consulting firm Mercer, in the 2009 assessment "is done to help governments and large companies put employees on international assignments", ranked 29th of the world across the world in quality of life; surveys taken into account in political stability, personal freedom, sanitation, crime, housing, natural environment, recreation, banking facilities, the availability of consumer goods, education, and general services including transportation.
Maps Honolulu
Geography
According to the US Census Bureau, the Urban Census Place Honolulu (CDP) has a total area of ​​68.4 square miles (177.2 km 2 ). 60.5 square miles (156.7 km 2 ) of it (88.44%) is land, and 7.9 square miles (20.5 km 2 ) of it (11.56%) is water.
Honolulu experiences a tropical hot tropical semi-tropical climate (classification KÃÆ'¶ppen BSh ), with the summer being mostly dry, due to the effects of rain shadow. Temperatures vary slightly throughout the month, with an average temperature of 80-90 ° F (27-32 ° C) and an average low of 65-75 ° F (18-24  ° C) throughout the year. Temperatures reaching or exceeding 90  ° F (32  ° C) averaging 38 days per year, with lows above 50  ° F (14-15  ° C) occurring once or twice a year. The highest recorded temperature was 95  ° F (35  ° C) during the heat wave in September 1994. The highest recorded temperature in the state was also recorded that day in Ni ? ihau. The lowest temperatures recorded were 52Ã, ° F (11Ã,  ° C) on February 16, 1902, and January 20, 1969. With high temperatures and humidity there was a huge tropical effect on the climate, even though precipitation was less than that classification.
Average annual rainfall is 17.05 at (433 mm), which mainly occurs during the winter months of October to early April, with very little rainfall during the summer; similar to the Mediterranean climate in California. However, both seasons experienced a similar number of rainy days. Light rain occurred in the summer while heavy rains fell during the winter. Honolulu has an average of 278 sunny days and 90 rainy days per year.
Although the city is located in the tropics, hurricanes are quite rare. The last recorded storm that hit the area was Category 4 Hurricane Iniki in 1992. Tornadoes are also uncommon and usually attack once every 15 years. Waterspouts off the coast are also unusual, reaching about once every five years.
Honolulu is under USDA 12a factory defense zone.
The average temperature of the sea ranges from 24.3 ° C (75.7 ° F) in March to 26.9 ° C (80.4 ° F) in September.
Demographics
The Honolulu population is 390,738 according to the US Census 2010. Of those, 192,781 (49.3%) were male and 197,957 (50.7%) were female. The mean age for men was 40.0 and 43.0 for women; the overall average age is 41.3. Approximately 84.7% of the total population is 16 years and over; 82.6% are 18 years and over, 78.8% are 21 years and over, 21.4% are 62 years and above, and 17.8% are 65 years and above.
In terms of race and ethnicity, 54.8% are Asian, 17.9% are white, 1.5% are black or African American, 0.2% are American Indian or Alaskan Native, 8.4% are native to Hawaii and The other Pacific Island, 0.8% comes from "some other races", and 16.3% comes from two races or more. Hispanics and Latinos of any race comprise 5.4% of the population. In 1970, the Census Bureau reported the residents of Honolulu as 33.9% white and 53.7% Asians and Pacific Islanders.
Asian Americans represent the majority of the Honolulu population. The Asian ethnic group is Japan (19.9%), Philippines (13.2%), China (10.4%), Korea (4.3%), Vietnam (2.0%), Asia India (0.3 %), Laos (0.3%), Thailand (0.2%), Cambodia (0.1%), and Indonesia (0.1%). The people solely the original Hawaiian ancestors comprise 3.2% of the population. American Samoa comprises 1.5% of the population, Marshall people make up 0.5% of the city's population, and the Tongan population consists of 0.3% of the population. The population of Guamanian or Chamorro fell 0.2% of the population and amounted to 841 inhabitants.
The urban area of ​​Honolulu is the fourth most populous in the United States according to the US Census 2010.
Economy
The largest city and airport in the Hawaiian Islands, Honolulu acts as a natural gateway for the island's great tourism industry, which brings millions of visitors and donates $ 10 billion annually to the local economy. The location of Honolulu in the Pacific also makes it a great business and trade center, especially between East and West. Other important aspects of the city's economy include military defense, research and development, and manufacturing.
Among companies based in Honolulu are:
Hawaiian Airlines, Island Air, and Aloha Air Cargo are headquartered in the city. Prior to its dissolution, Aloha Airlines was headquartered in the city. At one time Mid-Pacific Airlines had its headquarters at the Honolulu International Airport property.
In 2009, Honolulu experienced a 4.5% increase in the average rental price, maintaining it in the second most expensive rental market ranking among the 210 US metropolitan areas.
Since there are no national bank chains that have branches in Hawaii ? i, many new visitors and residents use different banks. First Hawaiian Bank is the largest and oldest bank in Hawaii ? i and their headquarters are at First Hawaiian Center, the tallest building in the State of Hawaii ? i.
Cultural institutions
Nature museum
The Bishop Museum is the largest museum in Honolulu. It is equipped with the largest collection of natural history specimens of the country and the largest collection of Hawaiiana and Pacific cultural artifacts in the world. The Honolulu Zoo is the main zoological institution in Hawai'i while Waik? K? The aquarium is a marine biology laboratory that works. The Waik? K? Aquarium partners with Hawai'i University and other universities around the world. Established for appreciation and botany, Honolulu is home to several gardens: Foster Botanical Garden, Lili? Uokalani Botanical Garden, Walker Estate, among others.
Performing arts
Founded in 1900, the Honolulu Symphony is the second oldest US symphony orchestra to the west of the Rocky Mountains. Other classical music ensembles include Hawaiian ? i Opera Theater. Honolulu is also the center for Hawaiian music. The main music venues include Hawaiian ? i Theater, Concert Center and Arena Neal Blaisdell, and Waik? K? Skin.
Honolulu also includes several venues for live theaters, including the Diamond Head Theater.
Visual art
Various institutions for visual arts are located in Honolulu.
The Honolulu Art Museum is equipped with the largest Asian and Western art collection in Hawaii ? i. It also has the largest collection of Islamic art, housed in the Shangri La area. Since the merger of the Honolulu Academy of Art and the Contemporary Museum, Honolulu (now called Honolulu Spalding House Art Museum) in 2011, the museum is also the only contemporary art museum in the state. The contemporary collection is housed in the main campus (Spalding House) in Makiki and a multi-level gallery in downtown Honolulu at First Hawaiian Center. The museum hosts a film and video program dedicated to the arthouse and cinema world at the Doris Duke Theater museum, named for the historic patron of the Doris Duke museum.
The Hawaiian ? i The State Art Museum (also the city center) offers works of local artists as well as traditional Hawaiian art. The museum is managed by Hawaiian ? i Country of Culture and Arts Foundation.
Honolulu also annually organizes Hawaii ? i International Film Festival (HIFF). The film features some of the best films from producers across the Pacific Rim and is the largest Western "Western meeting" film festival in the United States.
Tourist attractions
Sports
Honolulu's tropical climate is suitable for year-round activities. In 2004, Men's Fitness magazine called Honolulu was the coolest city in the United States. Honolulu has three major roads:
- The Great Aloha Run is held every year on President's Day.
- The Honolulu Marathon, which is held annually on the second Sunday of December, attracts over 20,000 attendees annually, about half to two-thirds of them from Japan.
- The Honolulu Triathlon is an Olympic long distance triathlon organized by USA Triathlon. Held annually in May since 2004, no running courses.
Ironman Hawai ? I was first held in Honolulu. This is the first Ironman triathlon event as well as the world championship.
Honolulu fan enthusiasts generally support soccer, volleyball, basketball, rugby unions, rugby leagues and baseball programs from the University of Hawaii ? i in M? Noa. High school sports events, especially football, are very popular.
Honolulu does not have a professional sports team. It is the home of Hawaiian ? i Islanders (Pacific Coast League, 1961-87), The Hawaiians (World Football League, 1974-75), Team Hawaii ? me (The North American Football League, 1977), and the Hawaiian Islands (af2, 2002-04).
NCAA football Hawaiian ? i Bowl is played in Honolulu. Honolulu also hosts the annual NFL Pro Bowl every February from 1980 to 2009. After the 2010 and 2015 games are played at Miami Gardens and Glendale, respectively, the Pro Bowl is once again in Honolulu from 2011 to 2014 with the most recent 2016. From 1993 to 2008, Honolulu hosted Hawaii ? i Winter Baseball, featuring minor league players from Major League Baseball, Nippon Professional Baseball, the Korea Baseball Organization, and an independent league.
Venues
Places for spectator sports in Honolulu include:
- Les Murakami Stadium in UH-M? noa (baseball)
- Neal S. Blaisdell Center Arena (basketball)
- Stan Sheriff Center at UH-M? noa (basketball and volleyball)
The Aloha Stadium, a place for American football and soccer, is located in Halawa near Pearl Harbor, just outside Honolulu.
Government
Kirk Caldwell was elected mayor of Honolulu County on November 6, 2012, and began serving as the 14th mayor of the district on January 2, 2013. The municipal and municipal township offices of Honolulu, including Honolulu Hale, downtown and district, are located in the Capitol District , like Hawaiian ? I declare government buildings.
The Capitol District is within the census area of ​​Honolulu (CCD), an urban area commonly regarded as the "City" of Honolulu. CCD Honolulu is located on the southeast coast of O ? ahu between Makapuu and Halawa. The dividing limit follows the Ko coastline? olau, so Makapu ? u The beach is in Ko'olaupoko District. To the west, the dividing line follows Halawa Stream, then cross the Red Hill and walk west of Aliamanu Crater, so the Aloha Stadium, Pearl Harbor (with USS Arizona Memorial), and Hickam Air Force Base are actually located on the island. Ewa CCD.
The Hawaiian ? i The Department of Public Security operates O ? ahu Community Correctional Center, jail for O island? ahu, in Honolulu CCD.
The United States Postal Service operates a post office in Honolulu. The main Honolulu Post office is located at the international airport at 3600 Aolele Street. The Federal Detention Center, Honolulu, operated by the Federal Prisons Bureau, is on the CDP.
Overseas mission on the island
Some countries have consular facilities in Honolulu, due to their strategic strategic position in the mid-Pacific. They include the Japanese consulate, South Korea, the Philippines, Federated States of Micronesia, Australia, and the Marshall Islands.
Education and Research
Colleges and universities
Universities and universities in Honolulu include Honolulu Community College, Kapi ? olani Community College, University of Hawaii ? i in M? Noa, Chaminade University, and Hawaiian ? i University of the Pacific. UH M? Noa houses the University of Hawaii's main office ? i System.
Research institute
Honolulu is home to three well-known international affairs research institutions. Pacific Forum, one of the world's leading Asia-Pacific policy research institutes and one of the first organizations in the United States focusing exclusively on Asia has its main office in Bishop Street in downtown Honolulu. The East-West Center (EWC), an educational and research organization established by the US Congress in 1960 to strengthen relationships and understanding among people and countries of Asia, the Pacific, and the United States, is headquartered in M? Noa, Honolulu. Asia Pacific Security Assessment Center (APCSS), a US Department of Defense institution based in Waik? K ?, Honolulu. APCSS deals with regional and global security issues and supports the US Pacific Command by developing and maintaining relationships among security practitioners and national security companies across the region.
Public primary and secondary schools
Hawaiian ? i The Department of Education operates a public school in Honolulu. Public high schools within the CDP area include Wallace Rider Farrington, Kaiser, Kaimuki, Kalani, Moanalua, William McKinley, and Theodore Roosevelt.
Private private elementary and secondary schools
Private schools including the Pacific Academy, Damien Memorial School, Hawaii ? i Baptist Academy, ? Iolani School, Lutheran Hawaiian School ? , Kamehameha School, Maryknoll School, Mid-Pacific Institute, La Pietra, Punahou School, Sacred Heart Academy, St Andrew's Abbey School, Saint Francis School, Saint Louis School, Educational Laboratory School, Saint Patrick School, Trinity Christian School , and Varsity International School.
Public library
Hawaiian ? i State Public Library System operates public libraries. The Hawaiian ? i The State Library at CDP serves as the main library of the system, while the Library for the Blind and Physically Disabled, also in the CDP area, caters for the disabled and the blind.
Map of the CDP termasuk Aiea, Aina China, Ewa Beach, Hawaii
Pendidikan khirkkan program
The Hawaiian ? i Japanese School - Rainbow Gakuen (????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Kaimuki Secondary School in Honolulu and has offices in another building in Honolulu, which serves Japanese nationals abroad, and Honolulu has other weekend programs for Japanese, Chinese and Spanish.
Media
Honolulu is served by a daily newspaper ( Honolulu Star-Advertiser ), Honolulu Magazine , several radio stations and television stations, among other media. Hawaii local news agency and CNN-affiliate ? i News Now broadcast and headquartered in Honolulu.
Honolulu and O island? ahu has also been the location for many film and television projects, including Hawaiian ? i Five-0 and Missing .
Transportation
Air
Located at the western end of CDP, Daniel K. Inouye International Airport (HNL) is the main aviation gateway to the state of Hawaii ? i. Kalaeloa Airport is primarily a commuter facility used by scheduled air taxis, public flights and temporary and local military aircraft.
Highway
Honolulu has been classed as the worst traffic jam in the country, beating the former Los Angeles record holder. Motorists waste an average of over 58 hours per year on crowded roads. The following highway, part of the Interstate Highway System serves Honolulu:
- Interstate H-1, which, coming to town from the west, passing Hickam Air Force Base and Honolulu International Airport, runs north of Downtown and continues east through Makiki and Kaimuki, ending in Waialae/Kahala. H-1 is connected to Interstate H-2 from Wahiawa and Interstate H-3 from Kaneohe, west of CDP.
- Interstate H-201 - also known as Moanalua Freeway and sometimes numbered as the previous number, Hawaiian ? i State Rte. 78 - connect two points along H-1: at Aloha Stadium and Fort Shafter. Close to H-1 and Aloha Stadium, H-201 has an exchange with the western edge of Interstate H-3 to the wind side of Oahu (Kaneohe). This complex connects ramps, some directly between H-1 and H-3, is at Halawa.
Other major highways connecting the Honolulu CCD with other parts of Oahu Island are:
- Pali Road, State Rte. 61, across the north through the Koolau range through Pali Tunnel to connect to Kailua and Kaneohe on the windside side of the island.
- Likelike Highway, State Rte. 63, also crosses Koolau to Kaneohe via Wilson Tunnels.
- Kalanianaole Road, State Rte. 72, walking east from Waialae/Kahala to Hawaii ? i Kai and around the east end of the island to Waimanalo Beach.
- Kamehameha Road, State Rts. 80, 83, 99 and 830, runs westward near the Hickam Air Force Base to Aiea and beyond, finally walking through the center of the island and ending in Kaneohe.
Like most major cities in America, the Honolulu metropolitan area is experiencing severe traffic jams during rush hours, especially to and from the western outskirts of Kapolei, ? Ewa Beach, Aiea, Pearl City, Waipahu, and Mililani.
There is Hawai ? i Electric Vehicle Demonstration Project (HEVDP).
Public transport
Honolulu Authority for Quick Transport
In November 2010, voters approved charter amendments to create public transport authorities to oversee future planning, construction, operations and expansions for Honolulu's future rail system. The Honolulu Authority for Fast Transport (HART) currently includes 10 members of the board of directors; three members appointed by the mayor, three members elected by the Honolulu City Council, and the director of urban and state transportation. The opening of the Honolulu Rail Transit was postponed until approximately 2018, as HART canceled the initial bid for the first nine stations and intended to rebid the work as three packages from three stations each, and allow more time for development in the hope that competition is increasing. on smaller contracts will lower costs; initial offerings ranged from $ 294.5 million to $ 320.8 million, far exceeding the HART budget of $ 184 million.
Bus
Founded by former Mayor Frank F. Fasi as a substitute for the Honolulu Rapid Transit Company (HRT), TheBus Honolulu system was honored in 1994-1995 and 2000-2001 by the American Public Transport Association as "America's Best Transit System". TheBus operates 107 routes that serve Honolulu and the big cities and cities in O ? ahu. TheBus consists of a 531 bus fleet, and is run by a non-profit company O ? ahu Transit Services in conjunction with the City Transportation Agency. Honolulu is ranked 4th for the highest per capita mass transit usage in the United States.
Rel
Currently, there is no urban railway transit system in Honolulu, although an electric railway is operated in Honolulu by the Honolulu Rapid Transit Company that is now dead before World War II. His predecessors for the Honolulu Rapid Transit Company were the Honolulu Rapid Transit and Land Company (starting 1903) and the Hawaiian Tramway (beginning in 1888).
The city and County of Honolulu currently build a 20-mile (20-mile) rail transit line that will connect Honolulu with towns and suburbs near Pearl Harbor and in the Leeward and Western Oahu regions. The Honolulu Corridor High-Capacity Transit project aims to reduce traffic jams for Western commuters O ? ahu is temporarily an integral part of the expansion of the metropolitan area to the west. This project, however, has been criticized by opponents of the rail due to costs, delays, and potential environmental impacts, but this line is expected to have major riders.
Sharing a bike
Since June 28, 2017, PBSC operates Biki which is a bicycle sharing program at O ​​? ahu. Most Biki stations are located between Chinatown/Downtown and Diamondhead; however, some Biki stations are in Kailua. The GoBiki.org website has a station map of Biki .
Characteristics of capital
According to the 2016 Community Survey 2016 (an average of five years), 56 percent of Urban Honolulu's inhabitants go to work driving alone, 13.8 percent carpooled, 11.7 using public transport, and 8.7 percent walking. Around 5.7 are tamed by bicycle, taxi, motorbike or any other form of transportation, while 4.1 percent work at home.
The city of Honolulu has a high percentage of households without a car. By 2015, 16.6 percent of Honolulu households lacked cars, which increased slightly to 17.2 percent by 2016. The national average is 8.7 percent by 2016. Honolulu averages 1.4 cars per household in 2016, compared with the national average of 1.8.
Famous people
Twin Cities
Honolulu currently has 29 twin cities:
See also
- List of cities with the highest building
- List of tallest buildings in Honolulu
Note
References
Bibliography
External links
- City & amp; The official site of the County of Honolulu
- Hawaii Visitors and the Convention Bureau
- Guide to Honolulu: Famous People
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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