Note the history of Newport Beach , California, the region began when the area was first explored by Europeans in the 1500s. Prior to that time, Native Americans such as Tongva and JuaneÃÆ' Â ± o/LuiseÃÆ'Â ± o people have lived in the area for thousands of years. Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo explorer mapped the coastline in 1542, but it was 200 years before Europeans settled in the area. In 1769, Newport was a small part of the Don José land grant © © Antonio Yorba I, first under Spanish rule and then Mexico. After the Civil War, the land was developed by American settlers: to farm by James Irvine and for delivery by James McFadden. A small settlement was built around McFaddens' Wharf (at the location where Pier Newport is now) and it became the largest business in Orange County, California. After the opening of San Pedro Port in Los Angeles in 1899, the commercial shipping industry in Newport declined. Newport Beach has grown into a tourist and recreational boating community. in August 1906, Newport Beach became incorporated as a city.
Video History of Newport Beach, California
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For thousands of years, members of Tongva and JuaneÃÆ' Â ± o/LuiseÃÆ' Â ± o old nations inhabit this area. In 1542, Juan RodrÃÆ'guez Cabrillo first sailed to the coast of California for New Spain and in 1602, SebastiÃÆ'¡n VizcaÃÆ'no charted the coast for the Spanish Empire. Jose Antonio Yorba (1746-1825), also known as Don JosÃÆ'Â © Antonio Yorba I, was one of the most important early settlers of Spanish California (later known as Alta California). Born in San Sadurni de Noya in the province of Catalonia in Spain, Yorba first came to the New World as an officer in Gaspar de PortolÃÆ' Expedition in 1769. For his service, Yorba was awarded with a very large land grant from the Spanish Empire in 1801 which was a part significant from Orange County currently in Southern California. Covering about 62,512 hectares (252.98 km 2 ), the large Yorba farm includes land where the cities of Olive, Orange, Villa Park, Santa Ana, Tustin, Costa Mesa and Newport Beach stand today.
From this Spanish period, the Ranchos family began trading with US merchants in Boston for goods from New England, sailing around South America. The Ranchos family also trades with British and European merchants. This trade continued during the Mexican period (1823-1848) when immigrants were offered land if they converted to Catholicism and became Mexicans, who did a lot. Many Anglo immigrants married Spanish families, becoming Californios who inherited and acquired land and rancho.
Maps History of Newport Beach, California
Mexican Ranchos
When Mexico gained independence from Spain and took possession of California in 1821, it soon proved that the era of dominance-the mission of almost all the land ended. Although Yorbas-Peraltas retained 65,512 hectares given by Spain, adjacent land became available. In 1837, Jose Sepulvada, 35, was awarded a great treaty and five years later returned to the land. Combined, the ownership is extended to nearly 47,000 hectares, including north of the Santa Ana Mountains, east to the 55 current Freeway, and south to Laguna Beach. Interestingly, it was later discovered that this grant excludes the land around Newport Bay and the ocean shore of Newport Beach, as each is considered worthless.
Like most California ranchos, Rancho San Joaquin Sepulveda soon became self-sufficient, generating most of its daily needs by growing almost all of its products and livestock. Sepulveda focused his attention on his pastures, largely ignoring the abundance of oceans adjacent to his property. Comfortable on a horse, he probably never even ventured near the water, a fact recorded by Richard Henry Dana who is confused in retelling this era in Two Years Before Pillar : "These people are not have a boat from their own... It's hard to fish from behind the horse. "
Sepulveda lived the life of a rich ranchero. He claims to have 3,000 horses and 14,000 cattle. She enjoys having a big family reunion in her big rancho, proudly showing off her 14 children. He is a diligent gambler, and legend says that he won $ 25,000, 1,000 horses, 500 cows, and 500 sheep in one race. He became rich when the Gold Rush of 1849 brought in a hungry prospect seeker. For the time being, her wild, skinny, Mexican cow was valued, and she profited from taking them to San Francisco.
In 1852, six years after the United States took over California, a law was passed that required every ranchero to prove ownership to defend its land. Requiring expensive surveys and court appearances, the lavish lifestyle of Sepulveda makes it cash-strapped. A devastating three-year drought raises the problem. Distracted by the debts and deaths of many of his flock, Sepulveda sold his ranch in 1864 to Flint, Bixby, Irvine, and the Company, beginning a long-lasting Irvine.
Establishment of Newport
When the ranchos are sold, some entrepreneurs are attracted to the Newport area. Of the entrepreneurs, two important people, James Irvine and James McFadden, emerged as leading visionaries, each with a very different dream for Newport. Irvine arrives with a love of land and plans to prosper by collecting lots of farmland. McFadden has a completely different dream - he intends to create a city by dividing up his land and selling it to as many people as possible to buy, Convinced that the more settlers he can fish to Newport, the sooner he will emerge as an important commercial center, he is the first arousal promoter of Newport.
James Irvine was born in Ireland, the eighth of nine children. In 1846, at the age of 19, he joined the parade across the Atlantic, heading for New York. He continued his journey west, becoming a miner and merchant. He soon prospered enough to partner with Flint and Bixby to set up a wool business. When they collect enough money, they buy Sepulveda rancho. They were also ready with cash when the Yorbas'-Peraltas rancho was disbanded by a court order. Soon, they were the largest landowners in the region, dominating over 100,000 hectares. Tirelessly focusing on farms, Irvine and his descendants continue to have vast land, their Irvine Ranch is closely intertwined with the evolution of Newport Beach.
James McFadden, one of 11 Scottish breeder boys, traveled to California in 1868 and immediately saw the potential of the Newport area. Immediately join his brother, Robert, they start buying as much as possible and share it immediately, looking for buyers. After the Civil War, the settler parade increased significantly. While most mainland farms are sought after, some do gravitate to the Newport area and small settlements are born.
Desperate for food and materials, the residents of this small settlement were delighted when Captain Samuel Sumner Dunnels carefully guided his 105-tonne vessel, Vaquero into the unexplored Newport Bay, which came to be known as San Joaquin Bay. , on September 10, 1870. Heavy was filled with 5,000 shingles and 5,000 feet of wood from San Diego, he entered the bay slowly. He succeeded, and finally Newporters had the required supply source. Soon, he has built a small dock and warehouse near the west end of Newport Bay Bridge today.
During the early years, Newport had many names, including Bolsa de Gengara and Bolsa de San Joaquin. As settlers began to arrive, the more pronounced names, the more prestigious ones sought. Although there is no evidence from the source, most believe that the name "Newport" comes from one of two sources: 1) Some Dunnels credit, who happily declares that he has found a "new port" when he crossed the bar. 2) Others argue that an employee of Irvine Ranch advised him at a meeting about trading at bay.
In 1875, James McFadden and his younger brother, Robert, landed a landing and for the next nineteen years operated a thriving trade and trade trading business. However, the bay is not yet an actual port and sand bars and dangerous entrances cause McFadden Brothers to move the shipping business to the oceanfront by building a large dock on the sand that will become the Balboa Peninsula. The site is ideal because the submarine canyon (Newport Submarine Canyon), carved together with Newport Bay by the ancient Santa Ana River, provides calm waters near the beach.
In 1888, McFaddens decided their shipping business would be more successful if they moved it from the inner shore of the bay to the oceanfront, where it was connected by train to Santa Ana. So they built McFaddens' Wharf at the location where Pier Newport is now. "McFadden Wharf soon became the largest business in newly created Orange County", California. This went on for eight years, the McFadden Wharf area was a booming commercial and shipping center and a city of companies began to grow. However, in 1899, the Federal Government allocated funds for major repairs to a new port in San Pedro, which will become the main port of Southern California. The McFadden Wharf and railways were sold to the Southern Pacific Railroad that same year, marking the end of Newport Bay as a commercial shipping center.
In 1902, James McFadden sold the Newport townsite and about half of the Peninsula to William S. Collins, who saw the resort and recreation potential in Newport Bay. Collins took Henry E. Huntington as partner at Newport Beach Company. Huntington has acquired the Pacific Electric rail system and used it to promote new communities outside Los Angeles.
In 1905, the "Red Car" of Pacific Electricity was extended to Newport. Collins begins to dredge the channel on the north side of the bay and store sand and sediment on the tidelands that will become Balboa Island. Formerly known as Balisle, this charming little island is not always easy to reach. Newport Harbor is largely still labeled, and sailboats are often the only way to get around. Robert McFadden, the early Balboa Harbor developer has established a successful fishing dock on the Balboa Peninsula.
In 1906, Pacific Electric line Red Cars started service to the Balboa Peninsula and Pavilion, and soon, Red Car will bring thousands of summer visitors from Los Angeles.
In 1906, the Balboa Pavilion completed with his sister project, Balboa Pier (for the purpose of attracting many buyers to the Balboa Peninsula part of Newport). Back then, the bay-front houses sold for $ 500.
Furthermore, in 1906, Newport Beach became a tourist destination with the arrival of the Pacific Electric Railway. The railway line was stopped at Balboa Pavilion.
Furthermore, in August 1906, Newport Beach became incorporated as a city.
In 1908, John Scarpa, the Italian gondola rider, assembled the first Christmas light parade at Newport Harbor. It starts a long and annual tradition that has taken place to this day.
In 1908 and 1909, with the permission of the Orange County Supervisory Board, William Collins moved his little dagger to the eastern bay of Newport, a mud plateau called "Snipe Island", and began cutting channels along the north side of the bay across from the Pavilion, sand and mud over flat mud and thus Balboa Island was born. Balboa Island is a summer vacation spot. Most homes do not have heaters, and are closed in the winter. Families come for the whole summer. Cooking is done on a gas stove because there is no gas or electricity. Lanterns and stone stone candles are used.
In 1909, the first "wall of the sea", the wooden barrier that protected the part of the island, was built.
In 1910, McFaddens sold Newport, Lido, and Balboa Island for US $ 35,000.
In 1912, the partial sea wall was replaced by a cement barrier (cheap German cement).
in 1914, the water channel to the island was first laid.
In 1916, Balboa Island was annexed to the city of Newport Beach.
In 1919, water for the Island came from the famous "Water Tower" built on Batu Akik St (removed in 1929).
In 1920, Park Ave. is the only paved road on the island. People have an outhouse behind their house because there is no sewer. They buried the garbage in the big holes dug in the empty lot. Also in the same year, gas utilities came to the Island (heating, cooking, lights).
In 1919, Joseph Beek, while still a student at Pasadena City College, was fascinated with the area, and became one of the Collins salesmen. Joe Beek plays an important role in Balboa Island development, and spends a lifetime for it. Beek got the first contract for the ferry between the island and the Balboa Peninsula.
In 1920, the first car was pushed across the bay (for 10 cents). In 1922, Joe Beek got a fifteen-year franchise, using a Joker ferry boat, which can accommodate two cars. The franchise continues to this day, with three 64 feet (20 m) ships carrying three cars. He later served as Secretary of the State Senate of California until his death in 1968.
In 1922, the sea wall was rebuilt.
In 1923, the city was annexed Corona del Mar.
In 1926, the Pacific Coast Highway was built through the city. Also the bridge over the Hulu Bay was built.
In 1929, the Grand Canal timber trunk and rebuilding roads were concrete.
In 1936, Newport Harbor was officially dedicated. This comes after a $ 1.8 million project dredged up the sand dune and extended the dock.
In 1938, James Cagney, a famous Hollywood actor at the time, bought Collins Island. The US Coast Guard used the island during World War II and Cagney eventually sold the island in 1948.
Then in the 20th century, Newport Beach became home to a number of famous celebrities. The most popular Newport Beach celebrity is John Wayne, also known as "the Duke". Orange County then named the airport for Wayne. Other celebrities living and/or keeping vessels in Newport Beach include James Cagney, Humphrey Bogart, Shirley Temple, and Errol Flynn. Furthermore, "Roy Rogers and Dale Evans" as well as George Burns lives in Newport Beach. Other figures include television star Buddy Ebsen (Beverly Hillbillies, Barnaby Jones), as well as Johnny Carson's most frequent guest host, Joey Bishop. The Arizona senator and 1964 Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater spent many summers living at Balboa Bay Club.
Newport Beach is also a center for tennis stars, mainly from Australia. Australian professionals Rod Laver, Roy Emerson, Syd Ball and Phil Dent all live in Newport Beach at various stages of their careers. This in turn spawned a new generation of tennis stars from Newport Beach, Taylor Dent, Carsten Ball, and Antony Emerson.
In 1953, the third international jamboree of the Boy Scouts of America held an event in which the Newport Center and Fashion Island were now seated. This is the first jamboree held to the west of the Mississippi River and has 50,000 reconnaissance from 48 states, Alaska, Hawaii and 16 foreign countries. Thousands of tents are installed in areas that can only be reached by a two-lane muddy track called Palisades Road. The road was soon paved, and then the name was changed to Jamboree Road in honor of the Lookouts.
In 1955, Newport Harbor Buffalo Ranch was founded. This tourist attraction featured buffalo heads in addition to other '1950s' cowboy and Indian exhibitions. Among other things, the attraction is important because it has a number of Native Americans among its staff, including one of Geronimo's grandchildren, Chief Cuthle Geronimo III.
In 1958, the Hughes Company's Solid State Product Division, and the Microelectronics Circuit Division, specializing in electronic testing, and assembling of hybrid components and administrative activities, were built in Newport Beach. Over the years, various permission approvals are granted for site expansion. In 1997, Raytheon Company joined Hughes, and later acquired the site. Raytheon resumes the established operations. Raytheon sold the site in 2000.
In 1962, the Pacific Electric train along the Pacific Ocean was used for the last time to send ships to Newport Beach.
In 1963, the first phase of Eastbluff, the first "village" developed under the Irvine Company master plan, was opened.
In 1967, Fashion Island finished. Newport Center Drive, a circular road, embraces Fashion Island and gives it the name "island". Newport Center's first office building, at 400 Newport Center Drive, was completed in the same year.
In 1969, the twin towers of the Irvine Company were completed at the Newport Center.
In 1971, Harbor View Hills, the second Irvine Company village built in Newport Beach, opened. It covers the area between MacArthur, Ford and San Miguel, and the area now known as Spyglass Hill. The Big Canyon Golf Club opened the same year. The first of the three eight-story glass towers that formed the Newport Medical Complex was completed.
In 1972, the famous "flying saucer" building of architect William Pereira, as well as Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill with 18 floors (the highest city to date), both completed at Newport Center.
In 1973, the village of Big Canyon opened.
In 1990, construction began in Newport Beach.
External links
- http://www.balboa-island.net/
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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